blair



(No Model.) 2 sheetssheet 1.

J. B. BLAIR.

DYNAMC ELECTEIC MACHINE.

No. 300,835. y PatentedJune 24,- 1884.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. B. BLAIR.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 800,885. H PatennedJune 24, 1884.

'Unirse Sirarns Partnr Ormea.

JOHN B. BLAIR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE BLAIR ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

DYNAMOHELECTRIC ivi/licentie.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,835, dated June 24, 1884i.

Application filed June 30, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. BLAIR, of Chi cago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Generators or Dynamos; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference .IO marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. v

This invention relates more particularly to the construction of hollow cylindric armatures, and has for its principal object to provide for the ventilation of the interior of an armature of this class, whereby the latter is less inclined to heat in the operationof the machine.

To this end the invention consists in the matters hereinafter fully set forth, and point- 2@ ed out in the appended claims.

A principal feature of my invention consists in an improved construction in the armature, in which the insulated wires forming the induction-coils are arranged in a hollow cylindric body around the armature-core and held in position exterior to central open spaces at the ends of the cylinder by annular supports located exterior to the inner surface of the said cylindric body of wires. The supports above mentioned preferably consist of annular plates or rings, which are suitably sustained from the central axis of the armature, and are provided with projections, over which the wires are trained or otherwise constructed `to engage and hold the wires at the ends of the cylinder. In

the construction herein shown therings above mentioned are in the form of fianges upon an outer cylindrical casing, within which the insulated wires are arranged, said flanges being provided with a series of laterally-projecting pins upon their outerlfaces, over which the said wires are trained, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the drawings, Figure lis a side View of a dynamo having an upright magnet and a cylindrical armature containing my improvement. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the axis of the armature. Fig. 3 is a section of the armature through y y of Fig. 2, looking in 5o the direction of the arrow. Fig. et is a detached view of a particular form of spiral core for an armature containing my improvement;

A is the base of the machine. B is a rotating cylindric armature mounted on a shaft, C, which is supported from the base A by means of uprights A A. D is a stationary electromagnet, secured with its poles d proximate to the outer cylindric surface of the armature, and D is the immediate support for the magnet. E is -a comniutator attached to the arma 6o ture. The armature is of the shell type, and, as here represented, has an outer cylindric casing consisting of a thin cylinder, B, of brass or other diamagnetic substance. Said cylinder has secured to each of its ends an out- 65 wardly-projccting circular flange, B2. From the outer plane face of this liange, and near its inner margin, project a series of pins, b, which may be alternately of different lengths, and'which4 may at their outer ends be bent 7o outward parallel with the adjacent plane face of the flange, as seen in Fig. 2. The insulated wires b', forming the induction-coils of the armature, are laid on the inner surface of the cylinder B', parallel with its axis, and are 7 5 trained over or outside Ythe projecting pins b around one half the circumference of the flanges B2, and thence into and along the opposite side of the cylinder B', as indicated in Fig. 3. As many coils or groups of wires may 8o be employed as -may be considered necessary or desirable, and they may overlie each other or lie side by side within the cylinder, as may be found convenient. NVithin the cylinder thus lined with wire coils is placed the soft-iron 8 5 core. As shown in Figs. 2 and 8, said core consists of a second cylinder of soft iron, B", preferably in contact with the wires b, and adjusted concentrically with the axis of the armature. The double cylinder, composed of 9o the metallic cylinders B and B", and inclosing the wires b, is supported from its' axis by means of heads B5, made of brass or other diamagnetic material, and consisting ofthe hubs b2, arms b, and rim or flange b5. Said heads are secured to the fianges B2 by means of screws b, passing through the free margins of the rims b5, and radially into the periphery of the anges B2, as plainly indicated in Fig.

2. The shaftCis preferablynon-rotating, and roo the hubs Zf" are in that case fitted to turn thereon, as also shown in Fig. 2. One of said hubs carries the pulley Il?, and either or both may be provided with a connnutator, E, with the slats or segments oi' which the sei/'eral coils are connected in any oi' the well-known modes, as indicated in the drawings. .llhe armature l is held longitiulinally in position upon the shalt G by any suitable ineans, an adjustable collar7 AY, secured to said shalt by a setscrew, a, and the hub ot' the opposite upright herein serving such purpose.

ln the disposition ol' the armature-coils above described and shown in the drawings, a wide central open space is provided within the armature, through which the air inay freely circulate, and thereby prevent said wires and contiguous parts i'rom hea-ting in the operation oi' the dynamo. To this end the heads ll are constructed with as i'ew arms as are necessary to strength, and these are prel'erably ot' such iorm as to ali'ord the least possible obstruction to the admission. ol" the air between them into the interior oi' the armature. Without i'urther provision the armature is calculated to preserve a low temperature; but i'or betteraccoinplishing this purpose means may be adi vantageously employed i'or inducing a current ol' air through the armature. 'lothis en d the eylindrie core li inay be constructed with a spiral llange, b, on its interior surl'ace, as shown in Figs. 2 and LS. shallow, or it may be extended inward into proximity with the shalt U, as represented, and in case the shai't i is made to :rotate with the armature, the spiral may beattached tothe said shalt, and thus may in part or wholly support the armature therel'roin.

instead oli' having the i'orm ol" acylinder,the core l may be constructed ol' a series oi" circular hoops, forming short sections ol" a cylinder, and the hoop i'orni ol'eore may be combined with the spiral i'or inducing an active passage oi' air through the armature by ineans ol a structure similar to that shown in Fig. it. \Vhen the spiral solely constitutes the core, however, the leaves or folds oi" the spiral are preferably inade ol" considerable thickness and closetogethcr, as shown in the iigure last 1nentioned.

In carrying the iiuluetion-iif'ires ironr one side to the other oi" the armature over the pins I),one-hali`the wires oi" each. group or coil may preferably be carried in each direction, asindicated in Fig. 3, in order to :more perfectly iill the available space around the ilanges B2, and at the same time to preserve the balance oi' the armature.

lhe distinctive i'eature oi' the construction herein shown and described, so i`ar as relates to the disposition ol' the wires of the induetion-coils at the ends ol' the armature, will be seen t0 consist in means i'or supliiorting them exterior to a i'ree or open space about the armature-axis, whereby air :may be freely adinitted to the interior oi" said armature, and 'whereby the wires are supporttal independ- Said llange may be' ently ol the armature-cere, and in such man ner that said core may be removed and replaced without disturbing` the said wii 'l' do not wish to be restricted io the particular means shown ior the purpose, inasmuch. as other special devices may olwiouslybe employed to the saine end.

ll am aware that armatures have beenv conf strueted in which a cyliiu'lric body ol'I wires is supported. by an inner cylindric casing coustructed to sustain the wires at its ends in such manner that open spaces are .lcift at the ends ol" the said cylindric easing, and such. construction is not claimed by me, this invention, as it relates to the ineans for support-intI the wires, being restricted to a construction in which the interior cylindrical support :l'or the wires heretol'ore used is absent, and in. which the wires are held at the ends ol' the cylinder by exterior annular supports constructed to retain the wires in their portimi between such suliperts in cylindric ii'orm, and to maintain open spaces at the ends ol" the cylindric body ol' wires.

I claiin as :my inventionm l.. The combination, with the core oi' a dynainoarniat'ure and induetioirwires arranged in a hollow cylindrical body around the core, ol" annular supports exterfn.' to the eylilulric body oi" wires, constructed to sustain the wires around central open spaces at the ends ol" said cylindrical body ol.' wires, substantially as dcscribed.

The combination, with the cere olvl a dynamoarmature and inductioli-wires arranged in a hollow cylindrical. body around the coro, ol" an exterior cylinder surrounding said cyliinlrical body oi.' wires, and means upon. the ends ol" the cylinder constructed to support the wires exterior to central open spaces at Athe ends oi' the said cylindrical body ol." wires, substantially as described.

I. In a dynai11o-armature, the eoiulfiination oi' the eyli nder B, .ilanges l?, proiections l), induction-wires trained within the eyli nder and exterior to the projections i), as shown, an arinature-core, and .means (as l?) l'or supporting the cylinder and wires clear ol the axis, and constructed to all'ord a i'ree j )assage i'or air through the armature, substantially as described.

11. ln a dynanio-armature, the combination oi" the cylinder l', having ilanges "i2, proies* tions b, iiXed to said iianges, iiuluction-wires trained within the cylinder outside said pro-- `jections, a core constructed to ail'ord a longi tndinal. passage through the armature, and open heads l5, provided with wires t", l'or sup-- porting the cylindric armature il'roni its axis, substantially as described.

5. rlhe combination, with. the induction-coil `wires oi a rotating armature arrangiiul. in a f2 rin l fl t] hollow cylindrical body, and ineans exterior "3 to the inner surface of the body oi' wires constructed to support said wires arouiu'l central open spaces at the end oi lthe cylinder, ol a spiraliyconsiau-eted core within the cyli udriu body of wires, substantially as und i'or the In testimony that I eleln'the foregoing as purpose set forth. my invention I affix my signature in presence 1o 6. In the armature described, the eonibinaof two witnesses.

tion, with the exterior cylinder, B', provided 5 with flanges B2, of the several coils B3, having JOHN B' BLAIR' their Wires separated at the ends of the oylin- Vtnesses: der and trained in opposite directions on the I M. E.. DAYTON,

vertieztliia-nges B2, substantially as described. I JEssE COX, Jr. 

